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DevOps Culture and SDLC

DevOps is a set of practices, tools, and cultural philosophies automating and integrating processes between software development and IT operations. It emphasizes collaboration, shared responsibility, and continuous improvement.

The Traditional Problem

  • Dev teams: focus on features, speed, "throw code over the wall"
  • Ops teams: focus on stability, resist changes, manual deployments
  • Result: friction, delays, finger-pointing, slower time to market

DevOps Principles

  1. Collaboration - shared goals between dev and ops
  2. Automation - CI/CD pipelines, IaC, automated testing
  3. Continuous improvement - feedback loops, iterative refinement
  4. Customer focus - fast delivery of value, rapid response

SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle)

Plan -> Code -> Build -> Test -> Release -> Deploy -> Operate -> Monitor -> (back to Plan)

DevOps automates Build through Deploy, monitors Operate, feeds back into planning.

Tools Landscape

Category Tools
Source Control Git, GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket
CI/CD Jenkins, GitLab CI, GitHub Actions, Azure DevOps
Containerization Docker, containerd
Orchestration Kubernetes, Docker Swarm
IaC Terraform, Ansible, CloudFormation, Pulumi
Monitoring Prometheus, Grafana, ELK, Datadog
Cloud AWS, Azure, GCP
Artifact Repo Nexus, JFrog Artifactory, Docker Hub

Agile and Scrum

  • Sprints - 2-week iterations
  • Roles - Product Owner, Scrum Master, Dev Team
  • Ceremonies - Sprint Planning, Daily Standup, Review, Retrospective
  • Board - To Do -> In Progress -> In Review -> Done

Deployment Stages

Stage Purpose Access
Development Local coding, testing Developers
Testing/QA Integration testing QA team
Staging Pre-production validation Internal
Production Live user traffic Public

Semantic Versioning

Format: MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH (e.g., 2.1.3) - MAJOR: breaking changes - MINOR: new features, backward compatible - PATCH: bug fixes

Security Fundamentals

  • SSH keys over passwords
  • Firewall rules (least privilege)
  • Secrets in env vars, not code
  • HTTPS/TLS for external communication
  • Keep software updated

See Also